BASIC CONCEPTS OF COMPUTER

COMPUTER MEMORY IS MEASURED:
Computer understands only one language that is Binary language.Binary language is also called as machine level language.It is a combination of 0's and 1's. A zero o a one is referred as one character and computer measured in the given format.
1 character = 1 bit
4 bits = 1 nibble
8 bits = 1 byte
1024 bytes = 1 kilo byte
1024 KB = 1 Mega byte
1024 MB = 1 Giga byte
1024 GB = 1 Tara byte
Some important points:
1. Floppy size Capacity
31/2 1.44MB
51/2 360KB
81/2 640KB

2. Zip Drive:
A single zip drive has the capacity of 70 floppy's diskettes. A large amount of data can't hold by a floppy but a zip drive can hold it and it very easily and can transferable.

3. Network:
A Network may be defined as an interconnection of two or more computers, which are attached with communication media, for the purpose of sharing information and resources.
4. Evaluation of Internet:
In 1969, the U.S Department Of Defence (DOD) did an experiment with four computers as a network to share the information from various government departments. This experiment was called as "ARPANET". ARPANET stands for Advance Research Project Agency.This network fulfilled the needs.
Internet is a network of the networks that provides the people to access the information.This has made it possible to network more than 60 million computers linked world wide, connecting more than 1 billion user's world wide to share the information at any time.

More Important Abbreviations for CSIT:
0. VIRUS - Vital information resources under seige(slang).
1. RAM - Random access memory.
2. ALU - Arithemetic logic unit.
3. CPU - Central processing unit.
4. ROM - Read only memory.
5. DIMM - Dual inline memory module.
6. LAN - Local area network.
7. NIC - Network interface card.
8. VGA - Vedio graphic adaptor(array).
9. ATX - Advanced technology extended.
10. CMOS - Complementary metal oxide semiconductor.
11. ISA - Industry standard architecture.
12. PCI - Peripheral component interconnect.
13. AGP - Accelerated graphic port.
14.SMPS - Switch mode power supply.
15. IDE - Integrated development(drive) electronics.
16.BIOS - Basic input output software (or) Built in operating system.
17. POST - Power on self test.
18. Heat sink - referred as North Bridge.
19. MICR - Magnetic ink character reader.
20. OCR - Optical character reader.
21. BCR - Bar code reader.